Burner unit for gas heating apparatus



.Novfl, 1927.

H. w. ODOWD BURNER UNIT F013 GAS HEATING APPARATUS Filed April 2-4, 1924 5 Sheets-sheet I Y 5 'ZI'TORN '5 W010 man a; SACKETTB wnnELMS Cu INVENTOR Nov. 1, 1927.

W. ODOWD BURNER UNIT FOR GAS HEATING APPARATUS Filed April 24, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR' NOE-Ada BY v M i I C ATToR NEY:

H. W. O'DOWD BURNERUNIT FOR GAS HEATING APPARATUS i5 Sheets-$56M 3 Filed April 24, 1924 III,

fjwoomtoz W I burner unit for gas stoves or ranges and for nirsn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY W. ODOVVD, OF JERSEY OITY, NEW. JERSEY, A SSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO STANDARD GAS EQUIPMENT CORPORATION,' OF BALTIMORE, MARY- LAND, A CORPORATION MARYLAND. I

BURNER UNIT GAS HEATING APPARATUS.

Application filed, April 24, 1924. Serial No. 708,647.

lhis invention is directed to an improved gas heating apparatus in general. The improved burner unit comprises specifically a. Bunsenburner member formed with flame ports and a vcoverplate sustained by said burner memberin spaced relation thereto and formed with nozzle openings through which the flamejets project, the coverplate forminginconnection with the burner mcmher an interior chamber into which the secondary air isinduced and from which it is entrained in proper regulated .quantities irectly by the flame jets. As the burner unit is thus constructed, the secondary air is sup-- plied and distributed in ample quantity to all of the flame jets in order to insure complete combustion ;under all conditions of use and without regard to the form or location of the burner member or the disposition bf .itsgas orifices. In actual practice, the improved burnerunit has been found to be re .markably efficient and free from many of the objections which characterize prior constructions, the coverplate not only providing tor the proper aeration of the burner flamesgbut serving in addition to prevent contamination "of the secondary air supply by the waste products as well as to guard against back pressure, flame deflection, air currents and other influences which interfere withpropcr combustion or impair the heating efliciency of the burner. The exact construction of the parts and their advantages will best be understood from the detailed description to follow. i

In the accompanying drawings: Fig.1 is a plan view,.partly broken away, of one form of the improved burner unit;

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are sections taken on the lines 2+2, 83 and 44 of Fig. 1,- respec-.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a modification,

Fig. 5 being a cross-section of a portion of the burner shown in' the preceding figures, and Fig. 6 a sectional plan View taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; a

Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation'of a second form of burner unit; I

Fig. 8 is a plan View thereof; 1

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a third form of burner unit; Y

rows. of nibs A having orifices through which the gaseous mixture issues and which constitute the flame ports of the burner. Extending across and slightly beyond the burner member is a mixing tube A pro vided, as usual, with an air chamber A into which the gas is discharged from a nozzle A" under the control of a stop cock or valve A As shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the centralweb portion'of the burner member is formed with openings A to allow air (secondary ".air) to flow upwardly therethrougln ,In accordance wlth the present 1nventi0u',

'the Bunsen burnermember A is partially enclosed within a coverplate B, which, in

thisi'nstance. is formed with a depending flangeor hood B extending around the outer edge or periphery of the burner mem-. ber. In its lower edge the flange or hood B isform'ed with recesses or notches B en gaged with supporting lugs A cast or other- Wise secured to the'outer edge of the burner atsymmetricallylocated points. The'co verplate is held in place upon' the' supporting lugs by means of a cotter pin A passed through a perforated ear piece extended upwardly from the burner member. through a centrally located 'slot B in the coverplate. As will be noted, the arrangement of the parts is such that thecoverpla'te 'B is maintained spaced relation to the burner mem-v ber A so as'to provide in connection therewith a secondary air chamber C havingas its inlet the peripheral opening C created around the lower edge of the'fiange B as well. as the more centrally located openings A of the burner member; As an outlet for the secondary air chamber C, the coverpla'te B is formed with 'discharge nozzles B arranged directly above the gas nibs A. and havingtheir tapered bores or openings disposed 'in centered relation to the flame ports. In the construction shown, the upper ends of the gas nibs are flush'with the under face of the coverplate, but they might bemadelonger or shorter, if desired. The main consideration is that, when the burner is in use, the

i flame jets should project through the secondary air discharge openings so as to entrain from the chamber C whatever quantity of secondary air is required to support combustion. In the particular form under discusi0 sion, the coverplate is provided with upstanding posts A which are intended to be used as a support for a cooking utensil.

Many advantages characterize .the foregoing'construction: For instance, the sec- 'ondaryair issupp-lied to the burner in sub stantially pure atmospheric condition and without'contamination by the waste products, being drawn into the interior chamber 0 through the openings C and A 0which are located below the level 'of' the flame p0rts,-*and then entrained-from the chamber directly by the flame jets as theyproject through the discharge nozzles 13.

' As a matter of fact, the coverplate serves to prevent the secondary air from comminglin with the flame jets exce t through the discharge nozzles. Again, t e burner,

' being protected against the heat of the productsof combustion, has less tendency to cause an excessive expansion of the .con-

tained gas such as would reducethe entrainment of the primary air. a On the other hand, the air pocketed within the cover- .plate becomes heated by the roducts of combustion and may therefore e more effectively entrained at the fiame' ports.- In this connection, it may be stated that the tapered bores of the'discharge nozzles not 'only facilitate the proper entrainment of secondary air, but' also serve to efiect a thorough admixture of the gas and air in. promoting combustion. It is also pointed out that, due to the restricted openings of the discharge nozzles, the pressure or the products of combustion at the flame ports is reduced to a minimum, thereby lessening the tendency to back pressure and hence more nearlypreserving the initial. entrainment of primary air. Moreover, the coverplateprotects the burner member from contrary air currents ,or flame deflection or other moving bodies which might otherwise interfere with proper combustion. These and other advantages will be readily appreciated by those. skilled in the art.

' cured v thereto. ferred for reasons of economy and for the further reason that the co'verplat ej a'yb member, the suppm'ting lugs also serving by their, engagement with the mner face of the flange to maintain the coveiplategin proper spaced relationto the burner member.

InFigs. 7 and 8, the burner member is. in the form of a hollow circular box D provided with a-single row of nibs D and removably mounted upon a mixing tube D which communicates therewith through its .under side. In other respects the construction is substantiallythe same as thatde scribed in connection with Figs. '1 to it, the

only other notable difierence being that the inlet for the secondary air chamber C is limited to the opening C extended around the lower edge of the flange.

In Figs. 9 and 10, the 'biirner member is in the form of. a hollow-ring E formed .with four symmetrically disposed gas nibs E -and having an integral mixin tube E and a central air opening E from that first described, y

In all the constructions above described,

therwise," the construction does not differ materially the coverplate B is shown as separate from the burner member and as detachabl'y se-..

This arrangement is prereadily removed to permit the cleaning, repair or replacement of the individual parts. It should be noted, however, that -'it 'would be entirely feasible to make the cgiverplate integral with the burner member, as by casting, and this is contemplated by the present.-

invention. It should also be noted that it" is not absolutely essential that the secondary air chamber be common to allof the dis charge nozzles of the 'coverplate, as'in the.

embodiments illustrated, but that a nuinber of such chambers might be provided to serve the discharge nozzles individually or. in groups. The particular burner members illustrated have been selected merely by way of example and as representing forms which have heretofore given trouble as regards the proper aerationof the burnerfiames, and itwillbe understood, of course, that the in 'vention is susceptible-of adaptation to. any

suitable form of burner member, it being evident that the coverplate may be readily. altered in shape or contour to conform to whatever burner member may be employed: Similarly, the particular'means employed for supporting the coverplate in roper spaced relation on the burner member are only intended as an example of a simple and practicable embodiment, and may be' variously modified to suit the conditions.

In Figs, 11 and 12, theyimproved burner membershown in Figs. 1 to 6 is illustrated as embodied in a gas range of the type covered in my prior Letters Patent No. 1,403,814.

As shown, the range presents a closed cookunderlying combustion chamber 33.. The

improved burner units (three in the present instance) are located within the combustion chamber at the front only, being supported upon a transverse rod orbar 34: which maintains them the proper'distanc'e from the cook'- ing top, the stop cocks or valves A of the respective units being connected to a common gas supply pipe or, manifold 66 situated at the front of the range. As in the prior patent, the combustion chamber is provided at the rear with an outlet 44 for the products of combustion, which outlet communicates with a vertically disposed pipe or conduit 43; and at the front, the combustion chamber is provided with a secondary air inlet opening 36 extending approximately the full width thereof and situated at a level below that of the burner units. When the range is in use, therefore, the secondary air, wh le freeto' enter the combustion chamber.

through its inlet 36, is prevented from commingling with the flame jets except through the discharge nozzles B' of the coverplate B, it being noted that. the depending flange or hood B of the coverplate extends down to the level of the secondary air inlet 36 and acts to direct said air' upwardly into the chamber C formed between the burner mem- 4 her and the cover plate. In this iwaygthe secondary air required .to support combustion is induced into and entrained from the chamber C under the positive control of the flame jets, thus insuring the proper speed of combustion or flame. propagation and allowingthe burners to be 'locatedas near the cooking top as may be desired without giving rise to the objections so common in the use of-the ordinary gas burners.

While in some respects the present burner unit is like that covered in my prior Letters Patent No. 1,456,823, it embodies several novel features not disclosed in that'patent and which are of considerable value.

4 instance, in the patent, the burner member is completely enclosed within a box or hou'sing which is supported b the range struc ture and which in turn a ords a support for the burner member. In the present construction, the coverplate is supported directly by the burner member and; in fact forms a permanent part thereof, the,ide'a. being to construct the several parts as a unit to be used .under the same conditions as the ordinary gas burner, but without the objections usually attending the use of such burner. In other words, the improved:

burner unit is capable of universal use and is designed to possess the various advantages before mentioned wherever and however used. I Again, in the patented construction no secondary air is allowed to enter the combustion chamber except through the nozzle openings formed in the upper part of the scribed, nor to any other particular construc- For .preventcdfrom'commingling with the flame jets except through the nozzle openings of the covcrplate; hence, many of the advantages of the patented arrangement may be realized without requiring any special construction, of the combustion chamber or the range body.. These and. various other-distinctions are fully. brought out in the appended claims. I

The invention is not, of course, confined to the precise constructions shown and detion by which the same may be carried into .eifect, as many changes may be made in the details without departing from the main principles of the invention and without. sacrificing its chief advantages. It should be understood, "therefore, that the invention is not limited to any specific form or em bodiment except in so far as such limitations are set forth in the claims. T

Having thus described my invention, its construct-ion and mode of operation, what I claimand desire to secure' by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows: I

1. A burner unit for gas heating apparatus comprising a Bunsen burner member formed with flame ports, a coverplate sustained by said member in spaced relation thereto and formed with secondary air discharge open ings through which the flames project, said coverplate forming with the burner a. secondary air chamber and having a depending hood extending around the burner member and s aced therefrom so as to provide a secon ary air .inlet leading upwardly into the chamber formed between the burner and the coverplate.

' 2. A burner unit for gas heating apparatus comprising an annular Bunsen burner mem ber formed with flame ports and having a central web, a coverplate sustained by said member in spaced relation thereto and formed with secondary air discharge openings through Which the flames project, said coverplate forming with the burner'a secondary airchamber, and having a depending hood extending around the burner member and spacedtherefrom so as to provide a secondary air inlet leading upwardly into the chamber formed between the burner and the coverplate, and a secondary air discharge opening in said central web.

3. A burner unit for gas heating apparatus comprising a Bunsen burner member formed with flame ports, a coverplate formed with secondary air discharge openings through which the flames project, mutually engaging means formed partly on the burner member and partly on the coverplate for supporting the latter in spaced relation to the coverplateg said coverplete forming with the burner 'e secondary air chamber and having a depending hood extending around the burner member and spaced therefrom so 5 its to provide a secondary air inlet leading upwardly into the chamber formed between the burner and the coverplate, and means for HENRY W. onowi). 

